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Corporate Law14 min read
Reinstating a company struck off the register: TCC Art. 547, Provisional Art. 7, the Constitutional Court annulment and a 2026 appellate decision.
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Enforcement and Insolvency Law8 min read
Eviction without a court judgment: vacating a leased property through enforcement. Form 13 and 14, the seven-day objection and the mediation requirement.
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Criminal Law13 dk okuma
Penalties for unlicensed firearms under Art. 13 of Law No. 6136: possession and carrying, converted blank-firing guns and the new Article 13/A.
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Employment Law7 min read
What is a gross wage including fringe benefits? How it differs from basic, gross and net wage, and which wage severance and notice pay are based on.
Read moreFamily Law8 min read
When can an action for change of custody be brought? The child's best interests, remarriage, relocation, hearing the child and the competent court.
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Employment Law10 min read
What is idle-period pay and how many months does it cover? Entitlement after reinstatement, included allowances, interest and the limitation period.
Read moreCompensation Law11 min read
Replacement vehicle cost after a traffic accident: who can claim it, from whom, how it is calculated, write-off vehicles and the limitation period.
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Employment Law9 min read
14, 20 ve 26 günlük yıllık izin ücreti nasıl hesaplanır? Aylık brüt ücret 30'a bölünür, kalan izin günüyle çarpılır. Süreler, örnek hesap ve zamanaşımı.
Read moreEmployment Law11 min read
Who is entitled to notice pay? Notice periods of 2-8 weeks under Article 17 of the Labour Law, a sample calculation, limitation period and mediation.
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Criminal Law56 min read
Provisions of the 20.03.2020 bill amending the HMK: taking of evidence in collegial courts, supplementation of judgments and mediation in consumer disputes.
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Real Estate Law6 min read
The exclusion-from-use requirement applies to ecrimisil and interference claims in shared and joint ownership; Court of Cassation case law and exceptions.
Read moreFamily Law7 min read
Protective and preventive measures under Law No. 6284 ordered by judges, civil authorities and police chiefs: who may benefit and how orders are enforced.
Read moreCorporate Law10 min read
Personal Data Protection Law No. 6698: its scope and key concepts such as personal data, special categories, data controller, processor and consent.
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Commercial Law2 min read
Consumer law examined under Law No. 6502: the parties to a consumer transaction, the protective aim of the Law and the consumer contracts within its scope.
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Enforcement and Insolvency Law8 min read
An ordinary partnership under Article 620 TCO pools labour and assets for a common purpose: its elements and the partners' rights and duties.
Read moreEmployment Law2 min read
The 26.11.2022 Grand General Assembly ruling: in an action for annulment of objection, the claim is served on the debtor even if counsel objected.
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Tax and Administrative Law6 min read
Objecting to interview results: remedies for candidates who scored below 60 in the MEB contracted teacher interview announced on 27.12.2021, and a precedent.
Read moreMediation16 min read
What is mediation and who is a mediator? Participation in sessions, legal aid, effect on limitation in labour cases and voluntary mediation.
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General Law2 min read
Time limits for appeal and cassation running from service for civil, peace, labour and administrative courts, and the amendments made by Law No. 7035.
Read moreCompensation Law6 min read
From whom and how can vehicle diminished value be claimed? The conditions of not being fully at fault or written off, liable parties and limitation period.
Read moreInsurance Law3 min read
Traffic insurance (ZMSS) is a policy that vehicle operators must renew annually under Article 91 of the Highway Traffic Law; its types of cover are set out.
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Transport Law2 min read
Customs disputes arise from frequently changing foreign trade and customs rules; this article covers administrative objection, time limits and smuggling risk.
Read moreImmigration Law2 min read
Residence permits are required for foreigners staying in Turkey beyond 90 days; application, renewal, address details and lost permits are covered.
Read moreCriminal Law16 min read
Limitation in criminal law is examined as limitation of prosecution and of sentence: age-based calculation, concurrence of offences, start and consequences.
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Real Estate Law3 min read
Refund of instalments and the organisation fee to a participant leaving an interest-free home acquisition agreement, and the problems encountered in practice.
Read moreFamily Law14 min read
A family home annotation bars transfer of the home without the spouse’s express consent (Article 194 TCC); required documents, deregistration, case law.
Read moreCorporate Law7 min read
Grounds for dissolving an ordinary partnership under Article 639 TCO: achieved or impossible purpose, a partner’s death and continuation with the heirs.
Read moreCommercial Law12 min read
Review of standard terms under Articles 21-25 TCO in three stages: incorporation, interpretation and content, including the ban on unilateral amendment.
Read moreEnforcement and Insolvency Law56 min read
Final, provisional and precautionary attachment explained: requests for attachment, execution, and attachment of movables, immovables and usufruct in Turkey.
Read moreEmployment Law2 min read
The holiday bonus is governed by Additional Article 18 of Law No. 5510; how retirees paid by private bank funds can claim the unpaid bonus.
Read moreTax and Administrative Law2 min read
COVID-19 Circular No. 2020/8 (01.06.2020): normalisation steps in public institutions and the repeal of earlier measures; a temporary, time-bound regulation.
Read moreMediation2 min read
Mediation became a precondition for commercial actions on 1 January 2019: Prof. Dr. Ali Yeşilırmak’s views at the time and how to become a mediator.
Read moreEnvironmental Law8 min read
International environmental law: the effect of treaties on domestic law under Article 90 of the Constitution, the non-regression principle, the Paris Agreement and Türkiye’s nationally determined contribution.
Read moreCompensation Law6 min read
Compensation for loss of support: the right of those deprived of a deceased’s support to claim after torts such as work or traffic accidents or malpractice.
Read moreCriminal Law3 min read
CCP amendments (Law of 14.07.2021): release upon undertaking, deduction of house arrest, four-monthly review of judicial control and its upper limit.
Read moreReal Estate Law17 min read
Unlawful construction is governed by Arts 722–724 TCC; we examine the rights of material owners and landowners where another’s land or materials are used.
Read moreFamily Law9 min read
Contested divorce examined in terms of pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages, interim and poverty alimony and custody claims, with a sample petition.
Read moreCorporate Law4 min read
Liability of partners in ordinary partnerships: the definition in Article 620 TCO, liability to third parties, available defences and extinction of the debt.
Read moreCommercial Law6 min read
A standard term is a contractual provision prepared in advance by one party and presented to the other; its definition and scope before and after TCO 6098.
Read moreEnforcement and Insolvency Law5 min read
A third-party ownership claim arises when attached property is said to belong to a third party; the 3- and 7-day time limits and the Art. 97 EBL procedure.
Read moreEmployment Law12 min read
Psychological harassment (mobbing) in employment law: its causes, elements such as systematic and repeated conduct, and remedies open to employees.
Read moreTax and Administrative Law15 min read
Recidivism in tax misdemeanours: tax loss and irregularity, the recidivism rule in the VUK, and its conditions such as a final penalty and the same offender.
Read moreMediation2 min read
Entry requirements for the mediation profession and the spread of mediation since 2012, as related in an interview with Mediation Board member Nihat Şimşek.
Read moreGeneral Law11 min read
Theories on the legal status of artificial intelligence, issues in its fields of use, and contractual, due care, hazard and fault-based liability.
Read moreCompensation Law28 min read
Hazard liability examined as a form of strict liability, comparing French, Swiss and Austrian law with Article 71 of the Turkish Code of Obligations.
Read moreCriminal Law2 min read
Migrant smuggling is governed by Article 79 TCK: aim of material benefit, unlawful means, imprisonment of three to eight years and aggravating circumstances.
Read moreReal Estate Law4 min read
A rent determination action lets a landlord or tenant ask the court to set rent for a new lease term; Article 344 TCO and the five-year rule.
Read moreFamily Law3 min read
Types of alimony and their conditions: interim maintenance during divorce, poverty alimony and child support afterwards, and increases or termination.
Read moreCorporate Law3 min read
How is a joint stock company formed in Turkey? Definition and purpose, articles of association, capital in cash and in kind, and approval cases.
Read moreCommercial Law8 min read
The contract of suretyship under Article 581 TCO: valid principal debt, formal requirements, capacity and spousal consent, with Court of Cassation rulings.
Read moreEnforcement and Insolvency Law15 min read
Liability of cooperative members to creditors under Article 28 of the Cooperatives Law: additional payments, bankruptcy, departure and dissolution.
Read moreEmployment Law29 min read
Under TCO No. 6098, release agreements in labour law are subject to strict formal rules: release of employee receivables, full payment, release v performance.
Read moreTax and Administrative Law12 min read
Recidivism in Turkish tax offences: tax evasion, breach of tax confidentiality and handling taxpayers’ affairs, with its conditions and consequences.
Read moreMediation2 min read
Under Article 32/6 of the 2018 regulation, mediators must complete at least eight hours of refresher training every three years; the first cycle was 2020-21.
Read moreGeneral Law12 min read
Artificial intelligence and law: the definition of AI, its legal development and status, and the material and mental elements of civil and criminal liability.
Read moreCompensation Law5 min read
COVID-19 lawsuits: possible international actions against China in the pandemic and the International Health Regulations, as they stood at the time.
Read moreCriminal Law15 min read
Deferral of the announcement of the verdict (HAGB): the defendant's consent, no prior intentional conviction, compensation and its effects.
Read moreReal Estate Law5 min read
Sample petition for release: a text prepared for a detained defendant in the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the conditions of that period.
Read moreFamily Law5 min read
Participation in acquired property is the statutory regime that applies where spouses choose no other; separation and community of property are also noted.
Read moreCorporate Law2 min read
Pros and cons of joint stock and limited liability companies in terms of capital, number of shareholders, exclusion and liability for public debts.
Read moreCommercial Law9 min read
Trade names are governed by Articles 39-52 of the Commercial Code; this article explains core and additional elements, types of additions and their function.
Read moreEmployment Law5 min read
The employer's right of termination for just cause: ending the employment contract without notice in the cases listed in Article 25 of Labour Law No. 4857.
Read moreTax and Administrative Law17 min read
Compensation claims against the tax administration: tax audits, irregularities in assessments, tax inspection disputes and administrative liability.
Read moreCriminal Law2 min read
Reversal in the interest of the law, an extraordinary remedy against final unlawful decisions: Article 309 CCP and Article 363 Code of Civil Procedure.
Read moreReal Estate Law9 min read
The contractual right of pre-emption under Article 735 TCC and Article 237 TCO: formal requirements, annotation, simple and qualified types, and conditions.
Read moreFamily Law6 min read
Judicial emancipation (kazai rüşt) explained: majority and capacity to act, conditions of the action, parties, competent court and a sample petition.
Read moreCorporate Law2 min read
Basic concepts of Turkish data protection law: the elements of personal data, special categories of data, data controller, data processor and data subject.
Read moreCommercial Law14 min read
Protecting trade names: the exclusive right to a registered name under Article 52 Commercial Code, and claims for injunction, deletion and damages.
Read moreEnforcement and Insolvency Law30 min read
Enforcement proceedings and their types in Turkish law: enforcement based on a judgment, general attachment, bills of exchange and eviction.
Read moreEmployment Law4 min read
An employee's right of immediate termination for just cause under Article 24 of the Labour Law: health, breach of good faith and compelling reasons.
Read moreTax and Administrative Law10 min read
The concept of acquired rights (müktesep hak) in administrative law: the acts giving rise to them, their conditions, change of status and zoning law aspects.
Read moreCriminal Law23 min read
Criminal liability of the drawer of a dishonoured cheque: elements of the offence, judicial fine and cheque ban under the Cheque Law as amended in 2016.
Read moreReal Estate Law6 min read
Title deed cancellation and registration actions based on incapacity, abuse of power of attorney, collusive transfers or adverse possession.
Read moreGeneral Law4 min read
Legal capacity and capacity to act under the Turkish Civil Code: acquiring personality, conditions for capacity to act and what removes discernment.
Read moreCorporate Law28 min read
Rights and obligations of cooperative members: personal contribution and equality principles, and the rights to attend meetings, obtain information and audit.
Read moreCommercial Law8 min read
Liability for defective goods under Law No. 6502: definitions, defective goods, the consumer’s elective rights, limitation and mandatory mediation.
Read moreCriminal Law18 min read
Introduced in 2019 by Article 250 CCP, the summary trial procedure: its differences from the general procedure, its conditions and the judge's powers.
Read moreReal Estate Law6 min read
Under Article 732 TCC, the statutory right of pre-emption lets co-owners buy a share sold to a third party on the same terms: exercise, time limits, waiver.
Read moreFamily Law10 min read
Types of matrimonial property regime and liquidation of participation in acquired property: competent court, asset separation, surplus value.
Read moreCorporate Law11 min read
Withdrawal from and expulsion from membership in limited liability companies under Articles 638-640 TCC: rights, share transfer, court, parties.
Read moreCommercial Law17 min read
Loss of a cheque: loss of possession and unusability, the holder’s right to a payment prohibition, and actions for proof of entitlement and cancellation.
Read moreCriminal Law2 min read
Genocide under Article 76 TCK: planned acts committed with intent to destroy a group, the alternative acts, aggravated life imprisonment and Article 13.
Read moreReal Estate Law2 min read
The 2018 zoning amnesty introduced building registration certificates for structures in breach of zoning rules built before 31.12.2017; scope and exclusions.
Read moreFamily Law4 min read
When can an increase in alimony be sought? Article 176/4 TCC, the parties, the competent court and the rate of increase for future years are examined.
Read moreCorporate Law2 min read
The Message Management System (İYS) is the national database of consents for commercial electronic messages; how it operates under Law No. 6563.
Read moreCommercial Law18 min read
The action for cancellation of a cheque protects the right in a lost cheque; its conditions, who may bring it, the competent court and the burden of proof.
Read moreCriminal Law2 min read
Traffic fines may be challenged within 15 days under Article 27 of the Misdemeanours Law; the objection route, documents required and early payment discount.
Read moreReal Estate Law2 min read
Under Article 732 TCC, the right of pre-emption (şufa) gives co-owners priority to buy a share sold to a third party; the periods of forfeiture explained.
Read moreCriminal Law6 min read
Changes introduced by the 2020 enforcement package: conditional release reduced to 1/2, probation periods, special enforcement methods and good conduct.
Read moreCriminal Law2 min read
Article 78 TCK regulates establishing an organisation to commit genocide and crimes against humanity: its elements, prison sentence and organised crime.
Read moreCriminal Law2 min read
Crimes against humanity under Article 77 TCK: acts committed systematically to a plan for political, philosophical, racial or religious motives; penalties.
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