{"id":628,"date":"2026-10-25T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-10-25T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/?p=628"},"modified":"2026-10-25T19:06:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T16:06:26","slug":"maden-hukuku-maden-ruhsati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/en\/maden-hukuku-maden-ruhsati\/","title":{"rendered":"Mining Licence: Rights and Obligations under the Mining Law"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"pm\" data-utu-pm=\"1\">\n<p class=\"pm-giris\"><strong>Maden ruhsat\u0131<\/strong> ile arazi m\u00fclkiyeti, 3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirinden ayr\u0131 kavramlard\u0131r. Bir ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n maliki olmak, o ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n alt\u0131nda bulunan madeni arama veya i\u015fletme hakk\u0131n\u0131 kendili\u011finden sa\u011flamaz. Madenler Devletin h\u00fck\u00fcm ve tasarrufu alt\u0131ndad\u0131r; \u00f6zel ki\u015filerin madencilik faaliyeti ise kanunda d\u00fczenlenen ruhsat ve izinlere dayan\u0131r. Bu nedenle arazi m\u00fclkiyeti, maden ruhsat\u0131, \u00fcretim izni ve mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda 3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde madenin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, maden hakk\u0131na sahip olabilecek ki\u015fileri, arama ve i\u015fletme ruhsatlar\u0131n\u0131, devir ve miras i\u015flemlerini, maden sicilini ve ba\u015fl\u0131ca mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz. Ama\u00e7, ruhsat sahibi, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131, miras\u00e7\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz maliki a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hangi hakk\u0131n hangi ko\u015fullarda kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini ortaya koymakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"pm-ozet\" aria-label=\"K\u0131saca\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">K\u0131saca<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Maden ruhsat\u0131; arama, i\u015fletme, devir ve miras i\u015flemleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu\u2019ndaki \u00f6zel usullere tabidir.<\/li>\n<li>Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz m\u00fclkiyeti ile maden hakk\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Ruhsat, araziyi s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kullanma yetkisi vermez.<\/li>\n<li>Arama ruhsat\u0131, i\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 ve i\u015fletme izni ayn\u0131 hukuki i\u015flemler de\u011fildir.<\/li>\n<li>Maden haklar\u0131 hisselere b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez. Ruhsat sahibi bir \u015firketin ortakl\u0131k paylar\u0131yla ruhsat\u0131n kendisi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Devir ve miras i\u015flemleri \u00f6zel usule tabidir. S\u00f6zle\u015fme veya miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k belgesi tek ba\u015f\u0131na sicil i\u015flemlerinin yerine ge\u00e7mez.<\/li>\n<li>Devlet hakk\u0131, ruhsat bedeli, rehabilitasyon bedeli ve belediye pay\u0131 farkl\u0131 hukuki dayanaklar\u0131 olan y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerdir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/aside>\n<details class=\"pm-ic\" open>\n<summary>\u0130\u00e7indekiler<\/summary>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#maden-hukuku-kapsami\">Maden hukukunun kapsam\u0131<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#madenler-arazi-mulkiyeti\">Madenler ve arazi m\u00fclkiyeti<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#ruhsat-sahibi-olabilecekler\">Maden haklar\u0131na sahip olabilecek ki\u015filer<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#arama-ruhsati-isletme-izni\">Arama ruhsat\u0131 ve i\u015fletme izni<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#bolunmezlik-devir\">Haklar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fi ve devir<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#miras-yoluyla-intikal\">Miras yoluyla intikal<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#maden-sicili-icra\">Maden sicili ve icra i\u015flemleri<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#mali-yukumlulukler\">Devlet hakk\u0131 ve di\u011fer mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#kontrol\">Pratik kontrol listesi<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#sonuc\">Sonu\u00e7 ve kaynaklar<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#sss\">S\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#iletisim\">G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme talebi<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n<section id=\"maden-hukuku-kapsami\">\n<h2>Maden Hukuku ve 3213 Say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu\u2019nun Kapsam\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Maden hukuku, do\u011fal kaynak niteli\u011findeki madenlerin aranmas\u0131, i\u015fletilmesi, \u00fczerlerinde hak kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve faaliyet sona erdi\u011finde sahan\u0131n terk edilmesiyle ilgili kurallar\u0131 kapsar. \u00dcretim, sevkiyat, denetim, \u00e7evresel y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler, ruhsat\u0131n devri ve maden hakk\u0131ndan do\u011fan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar da bu alanla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. Madencilik faaliyeti, Maden Kanunu yan\u0131nda \u00e7evre, orman, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, vergi ve ta\u015f\u0131nmaz mevzuat\u0131yla birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p class=\"pm-tanim\">3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 2. maddesine g\u00f6re, yer kabu\u011funda ve su kaynaklar\u0131nda do\u011fal olarak bulunan, ekonomik ve ticari de\u011feri olan; petrol, do\u011fal gaz, jeotermal ve su kaynaklar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan maddeler Kanun bak\u0131m\u0131ndan <strong>maden<\/strong> say\u0131l\u0131r. Kanundaki maden grubu ve alt bentleri, ruhsatland\u0131rma ve mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. [1]<\/p>\n<p>Petrol ve do\u011fal gaz bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 6491 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Petrol Kanunu; jeotermal kaynaklar ve do\u011fal mineralli sular bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 5686 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ayr\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeler i\u00e7erir. Bununla birlikte b\u00fct\u00fcn su kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n 5686 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019a tabi oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez. \u00d6rne\u011fin yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 167 say\u0131l\u0131 Yeralt\u0131 Sular\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Kayna\u011f\u0131n hukuki niteli\u011fi belirlenmeden uygulanacak ruhsat rejimi se\u00e7ilmemelidir. [4]<\/p>\n<ul class=\"pm-liste\">\n<li><strong>Petrol ve do\u011fal gaz:<\/strong> 6491 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Petrol Kanunu<\/li>\n<li><strong>Jeotermal kaynaklar ve do\u011fal mineralli sular:<\/strong> 5686 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun<\/li>\n<li><strong>Yeralt\u0131 sular\u0131:<\/strong> 167 say\u0131l\u0131 Yeralt\u0131 Sular\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"madenler-arazi-mulkiyeti\">\n<h2>Maden Ruhsat\u0131 ve Arazi M\u00fclkiyeti \u0130li\u015fkisi<\/h2>\n<p>Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 168. maddesi, do\u011fal servet ve kaynaklar\u0131n Devletin h\u00fck\u00fcm ve tasarrufu alt\u0131nda oldu\u011funu ve bunlar\u0131n aranmas\u0131 ile i\u015fletilmesi hakk\u0131n\u0131n Devlete ait bulundu\u011funu d\u00fczenler. Devlet, bu hakk\u0131 kanunun \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ko\u015fullarla belirli s\u00fcre i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015filere verebilir. Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 4. maddesi de madenlerin i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 arazinin m\u00fclkiyetine tabi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtir. [1, 3]<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 718. maddesinde arazi m\u00fclkiyetinin kapsam\u0131, kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda yarar oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00fcst\u00fcndeki hava ve alt\u0131ndaki arz katmanlar\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayn\u0131 maddede bu kapsam\u0131n yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara tabi oldu\u011fu belirtilir. Madenler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131rlama, Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 4. maddesinden do\u011far. Bu nedenle ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki cevher yata\u011f\u0131, s\u0131rf arazi m\u00fclkiyeti nedeniyle ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malikinin serbest\u00e7e tasarruf edebilece\u011fi bir mal haline gelmez. [1, 3]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-ikili\">\n<div class=\"pm-kart\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">Arazi m\u00fclkiyeti<\/p>\n<p>TMK m. 718: kullan\u0131lmas\u0131nda yarar oldu\u011fu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00fcst\u00fcndeki hava ve alt\u0131ndaki arz katmanlar\u0131; yasal s\u0131n\u0131rlamalara tabidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pm-kart\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">Maden hakk\u0131<\/p>\n<p>Anayasa m. 168 ve Maden Kanunu m. 4: madenler Devletin h\u00fck\u00fcm ve tasarrufu alt\u0131ndad\u0131r, arazinin m\u00fclkiyetine tabi de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Ruhsat sahibinin de Devletle birlikte yeralt\u0131ndaki madene payl\u0131 malik oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenemez. Ruhsat sahibinin yetkisi, kanunun tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 arama ve i\u015fletme haklar\u0131na dayan\u0131r. Devlet hakk\u0131 \u00f6denmesi, ruhsat sahibiyle Devlet aras\u0131nda ortak m\u00fclkiyet veya \u015firket ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurmaz. \u00dcretilen cevher \u00fczerindeki tasarruf ile hen\u00fcz \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f maden \u00fczerindeki hukuki rejim birbirinden ayr\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Di\u011fer taraftan maden ruhsat\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere ait araziyi bedelsiz ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z kullanma yetkisi vermez. Faaliyetin t\u00fcr\u00fcne ve sahan\u0131n stat\u00fcs\u00fcne g\u00f6re m\u00fclkiyet izni, anla\u015fma, irtifak veya intifa hakk\u0131 kurulmas\u0131 yahut kanuni ko\u015fullar\u0131 varsa kamula\u015ft\u0131rma gibi yollar g\u00fcndeme gelebilir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaz malikinin haklar\u0131, Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 7 ve 46. maddeleri ile ilgili \u00f6zel d\u00fczenlemeler kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilir. [1]<\/p>\n<ul class=\"pm-cipler\">\n<li>M\u00fclkiyet izni<\/li>\n<li>Anla\u015fma<\/li>\n<li>\u0130rtifak hakk\u0131<\/li>\n<li>\u0130ntifa hakk\u0131<\/li>\n<li>Kamula\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"pm-not\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">Arazi malikinin \u00f6nceli\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>Arazi malikine b\u00fct\u00fcn maden gruplar\u0131nda ihalesiz ruhsat \u00f6nceli\u011fi veya ruhsat bedelinden genel muafiyet tan\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilemez. B\u00f6yle bir hak ancak somut maden grubu ve i\u015flem bak\u0131m\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131k bir mevzuat dayana\u011f\u0131 varsa ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"ruhsat-sahibi-olabilecekler\">\n<h2>Maden Ruhsat\u0131 Kimlere Verilir?<\/h2>\n<p>Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 6. maddesi uyar\u0131nca maden haklar\u0131; medeni haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya ehil T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015flar\u0131na, T\u00fcrk kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fe sahip \u015firketlere ve maddede belirtilen yetkili kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131na verilebilir. Haklar ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel tek ki\u015fi ad\u0131na d\u00fczenlenir. [1]<\/p>\n<ul class=\"pm-liste\">\n<li>Medeni haklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya ehil T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti vatanda\u015flar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrk kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fe sahip \u015firketler<\/li>\n<li>Maddede belirtilen yetkili kamu kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Bu nedenle ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan vatanda\u015fl\u0131k ve fiil ehliyeti; \u015firket bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kurulu\u015f, t\u00fczel ki\u015filik ve temsil belgeleri birlikte kontrol edilir. Yabanc\u0131 ger\u00e7ek ki\u015finin do\u011frudan ruhsat sahibi olmas\u0131 ile T\u00fcrk kanunlar\u0131na g\u00f6re kurulmu\u015f yabanc\u0131 sermayeli bir \u015firketin ba\u015fvurusu ayn\u0131 durum de\u011fildir. Ba\u015fvurunun hukuki stat\u00fcs\u00fc ve \u00f6zel s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<p>Fiil ehliyeti kavram\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/kisiler-hukuku-bakimindan-hak-ehliyeti-ve-fiil-ehliyeti-kavramlari\/\">ki\u015filer hukuku bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hak ehliyeti ve fiil ehliyeti<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131zda a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131k.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-not\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">Kamu g\u00f6revlileri yasa\u011f\u0131<\/p>\n<p>Devlet memurlar\u0131, di\u011fer kamu g\u00f6revlileri ve Kanun\u2019da belirtilen Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fck personeli arama veya i\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 alamaz. Arama veya i\u015fletme hakk\u0131na sahipken memur olanlar\u0131n, memuriyete ge\u00e7i\u015ften itibaren alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde haklar\u0131n\u0131 devretmeleri gerekir. Kamu g\u00f6revlisinin miras yoluyla ruhsat edinmesi halinde de yasak ve intikal h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birlikte uygulan\u0131r. [1]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Maden hakk\u0131na sahip olabilme ehliyeti, ruhsat ba\u015fvurusunda aranacak b\u00fct\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131n yerine getirildi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. \u0130lgili a\u015famada mali yeterlilik, proje, teknik belge, bedel ve teminat ko\u015fullar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca g\u00fcndeme gelebilir. Bu ko\u015fullar\u0131n kapsam\u0131, ba\u015fvuru t\u00fcr\u00fc ve maden grubuna g\u00f6re belirlenir. <\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"arama-ruhsati-isletme-izni\">\n<h2>Arama Ruhsat\u0131, \u0130\u015fletme Ruhsat\u0131 ve \u0130\u015fletme \u0130zni<\/h2>\n<p>Arama ruhsat\u0131, belirli sahada ve ruhsata konu maden grubu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan arama faaliyetlerinin y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini sa\u011flar. \u0130\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 ise i\u015fletme hakk\u0131n\u0131n hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretime ge\u00e7i\u015fte i\u015fletme izni ve gerekli di\u011fer izinler ayr\u0131ca \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Ruhsat\u0131n verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7evre ve arazi izinlerinin de verilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. [1, 2]<\/p>\n<p class=\"pm-tablo-baslik\" id=\"tablo-ruhsat-izin\">Arama ruhsat\u0131, i\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131 ve i\u015fletme izni<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-tablo-kap\">\n<table class=\"pm-tablo\" aria-labelledby=\"tablo-ruhsat-izin\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">\u0130\u015flem<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetki<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Arama ruhsat\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Belirli sahada ve ruhsata konu maden grubu bak\u0131m\u0131ndan arama faaliyetleri<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131<\/td>\n<td>\u0130\u015fletme hakk\u0131n\u0131n hukuki dayana\u011f\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0130\u015fletme izni<\/td>\n<td>\u00dcretime ge\u00e7i\u015f; gerekli di\u011fer izinler ayr\u0131ca aran\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>Arama d\u00f6neminde jeolojik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, numune alma, sondaj, kuyu veya galeri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir. Arama s\u0131ras\u0131nda zorunlu olarak \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan maden veya numuneye ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ticari \u00fcretim yetkisi olarak yorumlanamaz. Ruhsat\u0131n koordinat s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131, maden grubu ve izin verilen faaliyet kapsam\u0131 her a\u015famada g\u00f6zetilmelidir.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-not\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">2025 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi<\/p>\n<p>2025 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle 17. maddede arama d\u00f6nemleri ve teminat d\u00fczeni yenilenmi\u015ftir. Arama faaliyet raporlar\u0131n\u0131n zaman\u0131nda sunulmas\u0131 ve asgari faaliyetlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. \u0130\u015fletilebilir rezerv bulunamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kanundaki raporlama ve talep ko\u015fullar\u0131yla arama ruhsat bedelleri ve ihale bedelinin iadesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. [5]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Maden ruhsat\u0131 ba\u015fvurusu ve ihale<\/h3>\n<p>Ba\u015fvuru ve ihale ili\u015fkisi de maden grubuna g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. \u0130lk m\u00fcracaat, her saha i\u00e7in kesin ruhsat hakk\u0131 sa\u011flamaz. \u0130hale kapsam\u0131, saha durumu ve ge\u00e7i\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmleri incelenmelidir. Bu nedenle i\u015flemler yaln\u0131zca ba\u015fvuru tarihine g\u00f6re de\u011fil, y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki Kanun ve g\u00fcncel idari d\u00fczenlemeler \u00fczerinden takip edilmelidir. [1, 2]<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"bolunmezlik-devir\">\n<h2>Maden Ruhsat\u0131 Devri ve Haklar\u0131n B\u00f6l\u00fcnmezli\u011fi<\/h2>\n<p>Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 5. maddesindeki b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezlik ilkesi uyar\u0131nca, maden haklar\u0131 hisselere ayr\u0131larak i\u015flem konusu yap\u0131lamaz. \u00d6rne\u011fin ayn\u0131 ruhsat\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bir ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi, di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir ger\u00e7ek ki\u015fi ad\u0131na tutulmas\u0131, ruhsat\u0131n tek ki\u015fi ad\u0131na verilmesi kural\u0131yla ba\u011fda\u015fmaz. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k ruhsat sahibi \u015firketin birden fazla orta\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulunmas\u0131, ruhsat\u0131 kendili\u011finden hisseli hale getirmez.<\/p>\n<p>Maden ruhsat\u0131, g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr rezerv geli\u015ftirme hakk\u0131 ve buluculuk hakk\u0131n\u0131n devri Kanun\u2019daki ko\u015fullara tabidir. \u0130lk m\u00fcracaat hakk\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fi, ruhsat devriyle ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir. Bir taraf\u0131n ba\u015fvuruya ili\u015fkin \u00f6nceli\u011fini ba\u015fka ki\u015fiye satmas\u0131, kendili\u011finden ruhsat devri sonucu do\u011furmaz. [1]<\/p>\n<h3>Devir bedeli ve Bakanl\u0131k onay\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Arama ve i\u015fletme ruhsatlar\u0131n\u0131n devrinde kanuni devir bedeli, yetkili makam\u0131n onay\u0131 ve maden sicili i\u015flemleri \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Kanun\u2019un 5. maddesi, devirden \u00f6nce devir tarihindeki ruhsat bedelinin iki kat\u0131 tutar\u0131nda devir bedeli al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve devrin Bakanl\u0131k onay\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u00d6zel istisnalar ile i\u015flemin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki bedel ve belge ko\u015fullar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca kontrol edilmelidir. [1]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-not\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">S\u00f6zle\u015fme yetmez<\/p>\n<p>Taraflar aras\u0131nda devir s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi yap\u0131lmas\u0131, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan bor\u00e7lar bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir; ancak idari onay ve sicil ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7mez. Devir \u00f6ncesinde ruhsat\u0131n g\u00fcncel durumu, bor\u00e7lar\u0131, izinleri, sicil kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve devam eden yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ruhsat devri ile \u015firket hisselerinin devri de ayn\u0131 hukuki i\u015flem de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"miras-yoluyla-intikal\">\n<h2>Maden Ruhsat\u0131n\u0131n Miras Yoluyla \u0130ntikali<\/h2>\n<p>Maden hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri miras yoluyla intikal eder.  \u00d6zel d\u00fczenlemenin amac\u0131, intikal eden ruhsat\u0131n hisselere b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesini \u00f6nleyerek hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerin b\u00fct\u00fcn halinde s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. [1]<\/p>\n<p>Miras\u00e7\u0131lar anla\u015f\u0131rsa, kanuni ko\u015fullar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan miras\u00e7\u0131lardan birine veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye devir yap\u0131labilir. Anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa miras\u00e7\u0131lardan birinin ba\u015fvurusu \u00fczerine mahkeme, hakk\u0131n miras\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131nda en ehil olana tahsisine; bunun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131 halinde ruhsat\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na karar verir. En ehil ki\u015finin de\u011ferlendirilmesi, yaln\u0131zca miras pay\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne veya di\u011fer miras\u00e7\u0131lardan daha varl\u0131kl\u0131 olmas\u0131na indirgenemez.<\/p>\n<ol class=\"pm-adimlar\">\n<li><strong>\u0130ntikal<\/strong><span>Maden hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri miras yoluyla miras\u00e7\u0131lara ge\u00e7er.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre<\/strong><span>Maden Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi m. 80, \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihinden itibaren alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresini d\u00fczenler.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Miras\u00e7\u0131lar anla\u015f\u0131rsa<\/strong><span>Kanuni ko\u015fullar\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan miras\u00e7\u0131lardan birine veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiye devir yap\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Anla\u015fma sa\u011flanamazsa<\/strong><span>Mahkeme hakk\u0131 en ehil miras\u00e7\u0131ya tahsis eder; bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse ruhsat\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na karar verir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u00fcre ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa<\/strong><span>Dava s\u00f6z konusu de\u011filse alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde intikal i\u015flemleri tamamlanmayan ruhsat feshedilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Kanun\u2019un 5. maddesinde, dava s\u00f6z konusu de\u011filse alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde intikal i\u015flemleri tamamlanmayan ruhsatlar\u0131n feshedilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Maden Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nin 80. maddesi de \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihinden itibaren alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresini d\u00fczenler. Bu s\u00fcre \u00f6l\u00fcm tarihinden itibaren i\u015fler; ba\u015fvuru i\u00e7in alt\u0131 ay\u0131n dolmas\u0131 beklenmez. Dava, ba\u015fvuru ve belge ko\u015fullar\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirilerek intikal s\u00fcreci gecikmeden ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. [1, 2]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-not\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">\u015eirket orta\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/p>\n<p>Miras\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k belgesi, anla\u015fmay\u0131 g\u00f6steren belgeler, devralan\u0131n ehliyeti ve sicil i\u015flemleri birlikte ele al\u0131n\u0131r. Ruhsat sahibi \u015firketin orta\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ise farkl\u0131d\u0131r: Bu durumda miras konusu \u00f6ncelikle \u015firket pay\u0131d\u0131r; ruhsat\u0131n sahibi olan t\u00fczel ki\u015filik devam ediyorsa ruhsat sahibinin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc h\u00fck\u00fcmleri do\u011frudan uygulanmaz.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"maden-sicili-icra\">\n<h2>Maden Sicili ve \u0130cra \u0130\u015flemleri<\/h2>\n<p>Maden sicili, haklara ili\u015fkin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda teknik ve mali bilgileri de i\u00e7erir. Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 38. maddesi uyar\u0131nca devir, intikal, haciz, rehin, ipotek ve sona erme durumlar\u0131 sicile i\u015flenir. Sicil, yaln\u0131zca \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fileri bilgilendiren bir kay\u0131t sistemi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclemez; Kanun, madenler \u00fczerinde edinilecek haklar\u0131n tescil edilmedik\u00e7e h\u00fck\u00fcm ifade etmeyece\u011fini d\u00fczenler. [1]<\/p>\n<p>Bu nedenle ruhsat sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131rken yaln\u0131zca s\u00f6zle\u015fme ve ruhsat fotokopisiyle yetinilmemeli; g\u00fcncel sicil kayd\u0131, ruhsat\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck durumu, devre engel kay\u0131tlar ve devam eden y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler incelenmelidir. Sicilin aleniyeti, ger\u00e7ekte bulunmayan bir yetkiyi veya Kanun\u2019a ayk\u0131r\u0131 devri kendili\u011finden ge\u00e7erli hale getirmez.<\/p>\n<h3>Maden i\u015fletmesinin haczi ve sat\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Maden i\u015fletmesi \u00fczerindeki <a href=\"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/haciz-2\/\">haciz<\/a> ve sat\u0131\u015f, s\u0131radan bir ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n hacziyle ayn\u0131 bi\u00e7imde de\u011ferlendirilmez. Kanun\u2019un 40. maddesi, i\u015fletme i\u00e7in gerekli kuyular, ocaklar, galeriler, makineler ve di\u011fer say\u0131lan unsurlar \u00fczerine ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 haciz veya ihtiyati tedbir konulmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar. Madenin b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak icra yoluyla sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan 43. maddedeki \u00f6zel usul ve al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ruhsat edinme ko\u015fullar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. [1]<\/p>\n<p>Miras nedeniyle tahsis istemi, icra i\u015flemi \u015fik\u00e2yeti, s\u00f6zle\u015fmeden do\u011fan dava ve idari ruhsat i\u015fleminin iptali farkl\u0131 uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n sulh hukuk mahkemesinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde genel bir kural kurulamaz. G\u00f6revli yarg\u0131 yeri ve ge\u00e7ici hukuki koruma, somut talebin niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re belirlenir. \u0130dari i\u015flemden do\u011fan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131kta y\u00fcr\u00fctmenin durdurulmas\u0131 ile \u00f6zel hukuk uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki ihtiyati tedbir birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130dari i\u015flemlerin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131nda ilgililerin korunmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilkeleri <a href=\"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/idare-hukukunda-kazanilmis-hak\/\">idare hukukunda kazan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f hak<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ele ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"mali-yukumlulukler\">\n<h2>Devlet Hakk\u0131 ve Di\u011fer Mali Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler<\/h2>\n<p>Ruhsat sahibinin mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri farkl\u0131 dayanaklara sahiptir; ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n<p class=\"pm-tablo-baslik\" id=\"tablo-mali-yukumlulukler\">Maden ruhsat\u0131ndan do\u011fan ba\u015fl\u0131ca mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-tablo-kap\">\n<table class=\"pm-tablo\" aria-labelledby=\"tablo-mali-yukumlulukler\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th scope=\"col\">Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Dayanak<\/th>\n<th scope=\"col\">Esas<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Devlet hakk\u0131<\/td>\n<td>Maden Kanunu m. 14<\/td>\n<td>Ocaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan madenin ocak ba\u015f\u0131ndaki fiyat\u0131; i\u015fletme izni olan ruhsatlarda y\u0131ll\u0131k asgari tutar ruhsat bedelinin y\u00fczde 50 fazlas\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Ruhsat bedeli<\/td>\n<td>Maden Kanunu<\/td>\n<td>Devlet hakk\u0131ndan ayr\u0131; ruhsat\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck ve bedel ko\u015fullar\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Rehabilitasyon bedeli<\/td>\n<td>Maden Kanunu m. 13<\/td>\n<td>\u0130\u015fletme ruhsat bedeli kadar; \u00f6zel hesapta nemaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Belediye pay\u0131<\/td>\n<td>2464 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun m\u00fckerrer m. 97 (b)<\/td>\n<td>Y\u0131ll\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 0,2\u2019si (binde iki)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<figure class=\"pm-gorsel\">\n<img src=\"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/maden-ruhsati-devlet-hakki-belediye-payi-mali-yukumlulukler.jpg\" alt=\"Maden ruhsat\u0131 mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckleri infografi\u011fi: Devlet hakk\u0131 (Maden Kanunu m. 14), ruhsat bedeli, rehabilitasyon bedeli (m. 13, i\u015fletme ruhsat bedeli kadar) ve belediye pay\u0131 (2464 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun m\u00fckerrer m. 97\/b, y\u0131ll\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131n binde ikisi); \u00f6rnek: 10.000.000 TL sat\u0131\u015fta 20.000 TL\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1000\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\"><figcaption>Maden ruhsat\u0131ndan do\u011fan d\u00f6rt ayr\u0131 mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck ve belediye pay\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi. Rakamlar \u00f6rnek ama\u00e7l\u0131d\u0131r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3>Devlet hakk\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Devlet hakk\u0131, Maden Kanunu\u2019nun 14. maddesi \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde ocaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan madenin ocak ba\u015f\u0131ndaki fiyat\u0131 \u00fczerinden hesaplanan mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ruhsat sahibinin beyan\u0131 denetime tabidir. Madenin i\u015fletmede hammadde olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn kendili\u011finden ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. [1]<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcvenan madenin, ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle ocaktan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 haldeki madenin i\u015flenerek sat\u0131lmas\u0131 durumunda, i\u015flenmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sat\u0131\u015f bedeli ile ocak ba\u015f\u0131 fiyat\u0131 ayn\u0131 kabul edilmez. Mevzuat\u0131n izin verdi\u011fi nakliye, zenginle\u015ftirme ve s\u00fcre\u00e7 giderleri \u00fczerinden gerekli ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130ndirilecek her harcaman\u0131n hesaplama d\u00f6nemi, faaliyetle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ve belgelendirilmesi ayr\u0131ca incelenmelidir. [1, 6]<\/p>\n<p>Devlet hakk\u0131 oran\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn madenler i\u00e7in tek de\u011fildir. Maden grubu, cinsi, ilgili fiyat tablosu ve y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki art\u0131r\u0131m veya indirim kararlar\u0131 \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve di\u011fer ilgili metaller bak\u0131m\u0131ndan sabit ve de\u011fi\u015fmez bir y\u00fczde varsay\u0131m\u0131yla hesap yap\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Hesaplama, \u00fcretimin ait oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemde ge\u00e7erli mevzuat \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-not\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">Asgari tutar<\/p>\n<p>7554 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun, 14. maddedeki asgari tutar \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ruhsat bedelinin y\u00fczde 50 fazlas\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirmi\u015f ve ilgili fiyat tablosunu yenilemi\u015ftir. Oran ile asgari tutar kontrol\u00fc birlikte yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. [5]<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h3>Ruhsat bedeli ve rehabilitasyon bedeli<\/h3>\n<p>Ruhsat bedeli, Devlet hakk\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 bir y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00dcretime ili\u015fkin hesap ile ruhsat\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fck ve bedel ko\u015fullar\u0131 ayr\u0131 izlenmelidir. Rehabilitasyon ise faaliyetten etkilenen alan\u0131n g\u00fcvenli ve \u00e7evreyle uyumlu hale getirilmesine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsar.<\/p>\n<p>2025 de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle 13. maddede rehabilitasyon bedeli ayr\u0131 d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bedel, i\u015fletme ruhsat bedeli kadard\u0131r; \u00f6zel hesapta nemaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve rehabilitasyon i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kalmayan ruhsat sahibine kullan\u0131lmayan b\u00f6l\u00fcm iade edilir. Ge\u00e7ici 46. madde uyar\u0131nca, o tarihte y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckte olan ruhsatlar\u0131n ruhsat bedeli ile \u00e7evre ile uyum bedelinin (rehabilitasyon bedelinin \u00f6nceki kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131) hesaplanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nceki h\u00fck\u00fcmler 1 Ocak 2026 tarihine kadar uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; bu tarihten itibaren g\u00fcncel h\u00fck\u00fcmler esas al\u0131n\u0131r. [5]<\/p>\n<h3>Yerel idare paylar\u0131 ve belediye pay\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Devlet hakk\u0131n\u0131n ilgili kamu hesaplar\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ruhsat sahibinden ayr\u0131 bir belediye pay\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131 ayn\u0131 konu de\u011fildir. Devlet hakk\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda ilin b\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmler bulunur. Bu nedenle b\u00fct\u00fcn iller i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca il \u00f6zel idaresine \u00f6deme \u00f6ng\u00f6ren bir a\u00e7\u0131klama g\u00fcncel sistemi tam olarak yans\u0131tmaz. [1, 7]<\/p>\n<p>2464 say\u0131l\u0131 Belediye Gelirleri Kanunu\u2019nun m\u00fckerrer 97. maddesinin (b) bendi uyar\u0131nca, belediye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve m\u00fccavir alanlar i\u00e7inde faaliyet g\u00f6steren maden i\u015fletmelerince y\u0131ll\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 0,2\u2019si, yani binde ikisi oran\u0131nda belediye pay\u0131 ayr\u0131l\u0131r.  Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck Devlet hakk\u0131ndan ayr\u0131d\u0131r. [8]<\/p>\n<div class=\"pm-hesap\">\n<div><span>Belediye pay\u0131na esas y\u0131ll\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131<\/span><strong>10.000.000 TL<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Oran (binde iki)<\/span><strong>y\u00fczde 0,2<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"pm-hesap-vurgu\"><span>Belediye pay\u0131<\/span><strong>20.000 TL<\/strong><em>10.000.000 TL \u00d7 y\u00fczde 0,2<\/em><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin belediye pay\u0131na esas y\u0131ll\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131 10.000.000 TL olarak belirlenmi\u015fse, y\u00fczde 0,2 \u00fczerinden pay 20.000 TL olur. Bu \u00f6rnek Devlet hakk\u0131 hesab\u0131 de\u011fildir; sat\u0131\u015f matrah\u0131n\u0131n ve ilgili belediyenin somut mevzuat ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re do\u011fru belirlenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu varsay\u0131m\u0131na dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h3>Arama giderleri ve ekonomik risk<\/h3>\n<p>Maden arama faaliyeti, ekonomik olarak i\u015fletilebilir rezerv bulunamamas\u0131 riskini ta\u015f\u0131r. Ancak sondaj, kuyu, galeri, et\u00fct ve di\u011fer arama harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131n her durumda do\u011frudan gider yaz\u0131larak vergi matrah\u0131ndan indirilece\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez. Harcaman\u0131n niteli\u011fi, bir varl\u0131k veya hak olu\u015fturup olu\u015fturmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, ilgili vergi d\u00f6nemi ve uygulanacak muhasebe kurallar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca incelenmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00f6nem gideri, aktifle\u015ftirme ve amortisman farkl\u0131 i\u015flemlerdir. Vergi Usul Kanunu\u2019nun madenlerde amortismana ili\u015fkin 316. maddesi ile ilgili gelir veya kurumlar vergisi h\u00fck\u00fcmleri birlikte de\u011ferlendirilir. Olumsuz arama sonucu, her harcama i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na ve ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde giderle\u015ftirme sebebi olarak kabul edilmemelidir. Ruhsat ve ihale bedeli iadesi de vergi matrah\u0131ndan gider indiriminden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. [9]<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"kontrol\">\n<h2>Pratik Kontrol Listesi<\/h2>\n<p>Ruhsat sahipleri, yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar ve miras\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in \u015fu noktalar s\u00fcrecin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ilerlemesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"pm-tik\">\n<li>Madenin hukuki tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, grubunu ve tabi oldu\u011fu \u00f6zel mevzuat\u0131 belirleyin.<\/li>\n<li>Ruhsat sahibinin ehliyetini, temsil yetkisini ve varsa kamu g\u00f6revlili\u011fi yasa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/li>\n<li>Ruhsat\u0131n s\u00fcresini, koordinatlar\u0131n\u0131, i\u015fletme iznini ve faaliyete ili\u015fkin di\u011fer izinleri inceleyin.<\/li>\n<li>Devir veya yat\u0131r\u0131m \u00f6ncesinde g\u00fcncel sicil kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131, bor\u00e7lar\u0131 ve yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6l\u00fcm halinde alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k s\u00fcreyi ve dava durumunu gecikmeden de\u011ferlendirin.<\/li>\n<li>Devlet hakk\u0131, ruhsat bedeli, rehabilitasyon bedeli ve belediye pay\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 kalemler halinde takip edin.<\/li>\n<li>Faaliyet raporlar\u0131, bildirimler, bedeller ve teminatlar i\u00e7in mevzuata uygun takip takvimi olu\u015fturun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"sonuc\">\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7 ve Kaynaklar<\/h2>\n<p>Madencilik yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131nda ruhsat sahibi olmak kadar, ruhsat\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 ve devam eden y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini bilmek de \u00f6nemlidir. Madenin hukuki niteli\u011fi, hak sahibinin ehliyeti, sicil kay\u0131tlar\u0131, arazi ve \u00fcretim izinleri ile mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler birlikte kontrol edilmelidir. \u00d6zellikle devir, miras ve icra i\u015flemlerinde genel \u00f6zel hukuk kurallar\u0131yla yetinilmemeli; Maden Kanunu\u2019nun \u00f6zel usulleri ve g\u00fcncel d\u00fczenlemeler esas al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kamu idarelerinin al\u0131m, sat\u0131m ve kiralama ihalelerinde hangi kanunun uygulanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/utuhukuk.com\/devlet-ihale-kanunu-kamu-ihale-kanunu-farki\/\">Devlet \u0130hale Kanunu ile Kamu \u0130hale Kanunu fark\u0131<\/a> yaz\u0131m\u0131zda ele ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n<h3>Kaynaklar<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"pm-liste\">\n<li>[1] 3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu, \u00f6zellikle m. 2, 4\u20137, 13\u201317, 24, 26, 30, 38, 40, 43 ve 46. Maden Kanunu<\/li>\n<li>[2] Maden Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi, Resm\u00ee Gazete 11.12.2022, say\u0131 32040; \u00f6zellikle miras yoluyla intikale ili\u015fkin m. 80. MAPEG mevzuat sayfas\u0131<\/li>\n<li>[3] T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasas\u0131 m. 168 ve 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu m. 718. Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi<\/li>\n<li>[4] 6491 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Petrol Kanunu; 5686 say\u0131l\u0131 Jeotermal Kaynaklar ve Do\u011fal Mineralli Sular Kanunu; 167 say\u0131l\u0131 Yeralt\u0131 Sular\u0131 Hakk\u0131nda Kanun. Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi<\/li>\n<li>[5] 7554 say\u0131l\u0131 Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun, \u00f6zellikle m. 5, 6, 8, 12 ve 13. Resm\u00ee Gazete 24.07.2025, say\u0131 32965. TBMM kanun metni<\/li>\n<li>[6] MAPEG, Devlet hakk\u0131 hesab\u0131nda ocak ba\u015f\u0131 fiyat ve i\u015fleme giderlerine ili\u015fkin a\u00e7\u0131klamalar. MAPEG s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/li>\n<li>[7] 7164 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun ile Devlet hakk\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenleme. TBMM kanun metni<\/li>\n<li>[8] 2464 say\u0131l\u0131 Belediye Gelirleri Kanunu, m\u00fckerrer m. 97 b; Maden Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi m. 89. Belediye Gelirleri Kanunu<\/li>\n<li>[9] 213 say\u0131l\u0131 Vergi Usul Kanunu, \u00f6zellikle m. 316 ve ilgili kazan\u00e7 tespiti h\u00fck\u00fcmleri. Vergi Usul Kanunu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>\n<p class=\"pm-dipnot\">\u0130lgili mevzuat: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=3213&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">3213 say\u0131l\u0131 Maden Kanunu<\/a> (mevzuat.gov.tr)<\/p>\n<section id=\"sss\" class=\"pm-sss\">\n<h2>Maden Ruhsat\u0131: S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n<details open>\n<summary>Arazimde bulunan madeni kendim \u00e7\u0131karabilir miyim?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>Arazi m\u00fclkiyeti tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli de\u011fildir. Kayna\u011f\u0131n niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re gereken ruhsat ve izinler al\u0131nmal\u0131; arazi m\u00fclkiyetiyle maden hakk\u0131 birbirinden ayr\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Maden ruhsat\u0131 nas\u0131l al\u0131n\u0131r?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>Ba\u015fvuru ve ihale ili\u015fkisi maden grubuna g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. \u0130lk m\u00fcracaat, her saha i\u00e7in kesin ruhsat hakk\u0131 sa\u011flamaz. Maden hakk\u0131na sahip olabilme ehliyeti, ruhsat ba\u015fvurusunda aranacak b\u00fct\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131n yerine getirildi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelmez. \u0130lgili a\u015famada mali yeterlilik, proje, teknik belge, bedel ve teminat ko\u015fullar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca g\u00fcndeme gelebilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Arama ruhsat\u0131 \u00fcretim yapma yetkisi verir mi?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>S\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z \u00fcretim yetkisi vermez. Arama s\u0131ras\u0131nda numune ve zorunlu \u00fcretime ili\u015fkin \u00f6zel h\u00fck\u00fcmler sakl\u0131d\u0131r. Ticari \u00fcretim bak\u0131m\u0131ndan i\u015fletme ruhsat\u0131, i\u015fletme izni ve ilgili di\u011fer ko\u015fullar de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Ruhsat\u0131 iki ki\u015fi ad\u0131na ortak olarak alabilir miyiz?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>Maden haklar\u0131 ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel tek ki\u015fi ad\u0131na verilir ve hisselere b\u00f6l\u00fcnemez. Ortaklar\u0131n kurdu\u011fu bir \u015firketin ruhsat sahibi olmas\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r; bu halde hak \u015firket ad\u0131na tutulur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Maden ruhsat\u0131 devredilebilir mi?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>Arama ve i\u015fletme ruhsatlar\u0131n\u0131n devrinde kanuni devir bedeli, yetkili makam\u0131n onay\u0131 ve maden sicili i\u015flemleri \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Kanun\u2019un 5. maddesi, devirden \u00f6nce devir tarihindeki ruhsat bedelinin iki kat\u0131 tutar\u0131nda devir bedeli al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 ve devrin Bakanl\u0131k onay\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr. Taraflar aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan devir s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi, idari onay ve sicil ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7mez.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Ruhsat sahibi \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde maden hakk\u0131 sona erer mi?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>Hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler miras yoluyla intikal eder. Ancak b\u00f6l\u00fcnmezlik ilkesi, ehliyet, ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcresi ve sicil ko\u015fullar\u0131 yerine getirilmelidir. Dava bulunmamas\u0131 halinde alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde tamamlanmayan intikal, ruhsat\u0131n feshi sonucunu do\u011furur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Devlet hakk\u0131 \u00f6denmesi araziyi kullanma hakk\u0131 da sa\u011flar m\u0131?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>Hay\u0131r. Devlet hakk\u0131 mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Araziye giri\u015f ve kullan\u0131m bak\u0131m\u0131ndan gereken m\u00fclkiyet izinleri ve di\u011fer hukuki dayanaklar ayr\u0131ca sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<details>\n<summary>Maden i\u015fletmelerinden al\u0131nan belediye pay\u0131 ne kadard\u0131r?<\/summary>\n<div>\n<p>2464 say\u0131l\u0131 Belediye Gelirleri Kanunu\u2019nun m\u00fckerrer 97. maddesinin (b) bendi uyar\u0131nca, belediye s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 ve m\u00fccavir alanlar i\u00e7inde faaliyet g\u00f6steren maden i\u015fletmelerince y\u0131ll\u0131k sat\u0131\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 0,2\u2019si, yani binde ikisi oran\u0131nda belediye pay\u0131 ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fck Devlet hakk\u0131ndan ayr\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/details>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"iletisim\" class=\"pm-form-kap\">\n<div class=\"pm-form-sol\">\n<p class=\"pm-etiket\">G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme talebi<\/p>\n<h2>Maden ruhsat\u0131 konusunda bir sorunuz mu var?<\/h2>\n<p>UTU Hukuk Dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k olarak vergi ve idare hukuku alan\u0131nda avukatl\u0131k ve dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k hizmeti vermekteyiz.<\/p>\n<p>Formu doldurun, sizi arayal\u0131m. 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